Location

Kashima Island

(<1.5 m)

Kashima Island

(>1.5 m)

Komo Cape

(<1.5 m)

Ino Cape

(<1.5 m)

Length of spine-like branch (mm)

4.69 ± 0.12^b

2.85 ± 0.12^c

4.81 ± 0.13^b

5.86 ± 0.20^a

Frequency of lateral branch (N/cm)

1.78 ± 0.18^a

0.61 ± 0.08^b

0.92 ± 0.03^b

0.77 ± 0.11^b

Number of lateral branch (N)

74.12 ± 9.58^a

19.35 ± 2.72^c

51.76 ± 4.59^b

34.45 ± 5.25^b